A. Read the following passage.
A Cultural Difference: Being on Time
In the United States, it is important to be on time, or punctual, for an appointment, a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries. An American professor discovered this difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12 P.M.
On the first day, when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10 A.M. Several arrived after 10:30 A.M. Two students came 10 after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized for their lateness. Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students' behavior.
The professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness at a lunch with a friend and in a university class, respectively. He gave them an example and asked them how they would react. If they had a lunch appointment with a friend, the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time. On the other hand, the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes.
In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour. In contrast, in Brazil, neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour. Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States, but they also end at the scheduled time. In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at noon; many remained past 12:30 to discuss the class and ask more questions. While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil, neither is staying late.
The explanation for these differences is complicated. People from Brazilian and North American cultures have different feelings about lateness. In Brazil, the students believe that a person who usually arrives late is probably more successful than a person who is always on time. In fact, Brazilians expect a person with status or prestige to arrive late, while in the United States lateness is usually considered to be disrespectful and unacceptable. Consequently, if a Brazilian is late for an appointment with a North American, the American may misinterpret the reason for the lateness and become angry.
As a result of his study, the professor learned that the Brazilian students were not being disrespectful to him. Instead, they were simply behaving in the appropriate way for a Brazilian student in Brazil. Eventually, the professor was able to adapt his own behavior so that he could feel comfortable in the new culture.
Now read the following statements. Check whether they are True (T) or False (F). (If a statement is false, rewrite the statement so that it is true) (4 points)
___ T _F_ F 1. On the first day of class, the professor arrived late, but
the students were on time.
_T_ T ___ F 2. In an American university, it is important to be on time.
__ T _F_ F 3. In a Brazilian class, the students leave immediately
after the class is finished.
_T_ T ___ F 4. Most North Americans think a person who is late is disrespectful.
___ T _F_ F 5. In Brazil, most successful people are expected to be on time.
___ T _F_ F 6. As a result of the study, the professor changed the
Brazilian students' behavior.
T_ T ___ F 7. Neither the students nor the Professor is ‘right’ or ‘wrong’
necessarily, but they certainly are different and there is
great room for misunderstanding!
_T_ T ___ F 8. In Brazil, arriving half an hour late to an appointment
may not be seen as misbehavior neither is staying late.
Read each of the following questions carefully. Circle the letter of the correct answer. (8 points)
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
a) It is important to be on time for class in the United States.
b) People learn the importance of time when they are children.
c) The importance of being on time differs among cultures.
2. Why did the professor study the Brazilian students' behavior?
a) The students seemed very rude to him.
b) He wanted to understand why the students came late.
c) He wanted to make the students come to class on time.
3. Read lines 7- 9. What is rude behavior?
a) impolite behavior
b) noisy behavior
c) studious behavior
4. It can be inferred from the passage that the professor …………..
a) Talked to the students in a formal situation.
b) Talked to the students in both an informal and a formal situation.
c) Talked to the students in an informal way.
5. In lines 14 and 15, how does on the other hand connect the American idea of lateness with the Brazilian idea of lateness?
a) It shows a similarity.
b) It gives more information.
c) It shows a contrast.
6. Read lines 17-19: "Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States, but they also end at the scheduled time." What does not only ... but ... also mean?
a) and
b) but
c) so
7. In line 24, what does in fact indicate?
a) a contrast between two ideas
b) something that is true
c) emphasis of the previous idea
8. Read lines 29-31. What does instead show?
a) a similarity
b) a substitution
c) an opposite
C. Now give short answers to the following comprehension questions. (8 points)
Accept other possible short answers which include certain key words.
(SUGGESTED ANSWERS)
1. Why is it important in the United States to respect time?
BECAUSE BEING LATE WOULD BE CONSIDERED DISRESPECTFUL AND INCONSIDERATE.
2. What made the professor study the students' behaviour?
HE DECIDED TO DO THAT AFTER HE DISCOVERED THAT NEITHER MOST OF THEM ATTENDED HIS FIRST LECTURE ON TIME NOR DID THEY APOLOGIZE FOR THEIR LATENESS. HE WONDERED WHETHER THEY WERE BEING RUDE.
3. What did the professor find out from his study?
HE FOUND OUT THAT THE BRAZILIAN STUDENTS WERE NOT BEING DISRESPECTFUL TO HIM, THAT THEY WERE SIMPLY
A. Read the following passage.
A Cultural Difference: Being on Time
In the United States, it is important to be on time, or punctual, for an appointment, a class, a meeting, etc. However, this may not be true in all countries. An American professor discovered this difference while teaching a class in a Brazilian university. The two-hour class was scheduled to begin at 10 A.M. and end at 12 P.M.
On the first day, when the professor arrived on time, no one was in the classroom. Many students came after 10 A.M. Several arrived after 10:30 A.M. Two students came 10 after 11 A.M. Although all the students greeted the professor as they arrived, few apologized for their lateness. Were these students being rude? He decided to study the students' behavior.
The professor talked to American and Brazilian students about lateness at a lunch with a friend and in a university class, respectively. He gave them an example and asked them how they would react. If they had a lunch appointment with a friend, the average American student defined lateness as 19 minutes after the agreed time. On the other hand, the average Brazilian student felt the friend was late after 33 minutes.
In an American university, students are expected to arrive at the appointed hour. In contrast, in Brazil, neither the teacher nor the students always arrive at the appointed hour. Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States, but they also end at the scheduled time. In the Brazilian class, only a few students left the class at noon; many remained past 12:30 to discuss the class and ask more questions. While arriving late may not be very important in Brazil, neither is staying late.
The explanation for these differences is complicated. People from Brazilian and North American cultures have different feelings about lateness. In Brazil, the students believe that a person who usually arrives late is probably more successful than a person who is always on time. In fact, Brazilians expect a person with status or prestige to arrive late, while in the United States lateness is usually considered to be disrespectful and unacceptable. Consequently, if a Brazilian is late for an appointment with a North American, the American may misinterpret the reason for the lateness and become angry.
As a result of his study, the professor learned that the Brazilian students were not being disrespectful to him. Instead, they were simply behaving in the appropriate way for a Brazilian student in Brazil. Eventually, the professor was able to adapt his own behavior so that he could feel comfortable in the new culture.
Now read the following statements. Check whether they are True (T) or False (F). (If a statement is false, rewrite the statement so that it is true) (4 points)
___ T _F_ F 1. On the first day of class, the professor arrived late, but
the students were on time.
_T_ T ___ F 2. In an American university, it is important to be on time.
__ T _F_ F 3. In a Brazilian class, the students leave immediately
after the class is finished.
_T_ T ___ F 4. Most North Americans think a person who is late is disrespectful.
___ T _F_ F 5. In Brazil, most successful people are expected to be on time.
___ T _F_ F 6. As a result of the study, the professor changed the
Brazilian students' behavior.
T_ T ___ F 7. Neither the students nor the Professor is ‘right’ or ‘wrong’
necessarily, but they certainly are different and there is
great room for misunderstanding!
_T_ T ___ F 8. In Brazil, arriving half an hour late to an appointment
may not be seen as misbehavior neither is staying late.
Read each of the following questions carefully. Circle the letter of the correct answer. (8 points)
1. What is the main idea of the passage?
a) It is important to be on time for class in the United States.
b) People learn the importance of time when they are children.
c) The importance of being on time differs among cultures.
2. Why did the professor study the Brazilian students' behavior?
a) The students seemed very rude to him.
b) He wanted to understand why the students came late.
c) He wanted to make the students come to class on time.
3. Read lines 7- 9. What is rude behavior?
a) impolite behavior
b) noisy behavior
c) studious behavior
4. It can be inferred from the passage that the professor …………..
a) Talked to the students in a formal situation.
b) Talked to the students in both an informal and a formal situation.
c) Talked to the students in an informal way.
5. In lines 14 and 15, how does on the other hand connect the American idea of lateness with the Brazilian idea of lateness?
a) It shows a similarity.
b) It gives more information.
c) It shows a contrast.
6. Read lines 17-19: "Classes not only begin at the scheduled time in the United States, but they also end at the scheduled time." What does not only ... but ... also mean?
a) and
b) but
c) so
7. In line 24, what does in fact indicate?
a) a contrast between two ideas
b) something that is true
c) emphasis of the previous idea
8. Read lines 29-31. What does instead show?
a) a similarity
b) a substitution
c) an opposite
C. Now give short answers to the following comprehension questions. (8 points)
Accept other possible short answers which include certain key words.
(SUGGESTED ANSWERS)
1. Why is it important in the United States to respect time?
BECAUSE BEING LATE WOULD BE CONSIDERED DISRESPECTFUL AND INCONSIDERATE.
2. What made the professor study the students' behaviour?
HE DECIDED TO DO THAT AFTER HE DISCOVERED THAT NEITHER MOST OF THEM ATTENDED HIS FIRST LECTURE ON TIME NOR DID THEY APOLOGIZE FOR THEIR LATENESS. HE WONDERED WHETHER THEY WERE BEING RUDE.
3. What did the professor find out from his study?
HE FOUND OUT THAT THE BRAZILIAN STUDENTS WERE NOT BEING DISRESPECTFUL TO HIM, THAT THEY WERE SIMPLY
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