Batter preparation
Dry solid content of control batter formulation was
composed of equal amounts of wheat and corn flours
(49.25% each), 1% salt and 0.5% leavening agent.
Gums were added as 1% of dry solid content of batter
mix. In order to study the combined effect of guar and
xanthan gums, each gum was added in equal amounts
(0.5% of dry solid content).
The pre-blended powders were mixed with water
(15 C) in a mixer (Arc¸elik ARK55 MS, _Istanbul, Turkey)
for batter preparation. The proportion of dry
mix/water was always 3.0/4.5.