A more insidious consequence comes from a lack of understanding of so-called “solutions” promoted to improve the supply chain. Examples are big-ticket ERP applications and investments in production technologies such as Acme’s project A. These misunderstandings take the form of “disconnects” between the root cause of the cost and underlying solution. So, management “mis-invests” in a solution that does not fit the problem. A good example of this comes from the “theory of constraints” framework described in Chapters 28 and 31.