Axillary artery
The axillary artery supplies branches of blood vessels to the axilla (region under the arm) and the chest wall, including the skin and the shoulder; part of the mammary gland; the upper end of the humerus (upper arm bone ); the shoulder joint; and various muscles in the back, shoulder, and chest. As the vessel leaves the axilla, it becomes the brachial artery.
Basilica vein
The basilica vein passes along the back of the forearm on the ulnar side for a distance and then curves to the surface below the elbow. It continues to move up the medial side until it reaches the middle of the upper arm. There, it enters deep into the tissues and joins the “brachial vein.” As the basilica and brachial veins merge, they form the “axillary vein.”
Brachial artery/vein
The brachial artery stems from the axillary artery and moves along the humerus (upper arm bone ) down to the elbow. It gives rise to the “deep brachial artery” that curves around the back of the humerus to supply blood to the triceps muscles. Shorter branches pass into various other muscles on the front of the upper arm, and others descend down each side of the elbow to join arteries in the forearms. The corresponding brachial vein will parallel the artery on its trip back to the heart.
Bronchus
The bronchus is the air passage into the lungs. Each lung has one main bronchus, which begins at the end of the trachea or windpipe . the bronchus divides into smaller branches known as segmental bronchi, which then divide into bronchioles.(see “bronchial bulbs”)
Carotid arteries
The carotid arteries are the four principal arteries of the neck and head. They have two specialized regions: the carotid sinus, which monitors the blood pressure, and the carotid body, which monitors the oxygen content in the blood and helps regulate breathing. The internal carotid arteries enter the skull to supply the brain and eyes. At the base of the brain, the two internal carotids and the basilar artery join to form a ring of blood vessels called the “circle of Willis.” The external carotid arteries have several branches which supply the tissues of the face, scalp, mouth and jaws.
Circumflex fibular artery
The circumflex fibular artery usually rises from the upper end of the posterior tibial artery ( in the lower leg ), but may come from the popliteal artery or even from the anterior tibial artery. It enters the fibular head of the soleus muscle, winds around the neck of the fibula, and supplies blood along the peroneall muscles which arise from the upper part of the fibula.