It down-regulates the NOX that generates ROS [84] while
upregulating the SOD that rapidly converts O
2 to H2O2 [85].
Vitamin D also increases the activity of G6PD, glutamate cysteine
ligase (GCLC) and glutathione reductase (GR) to increase the formation
of the major redox buffer GSH [86,87]. Up-regulating the
expression of the glutathione peroxidase (Gpx) drives the conversion
of H2O2 to water