In order to evaluate differences between cookie formulations,
sensory assessment was performed. It was conducted by a group of
10, both male and female, semi-trained panellists who were familiar
with sensory analysis techniques (Resurrecion, 2008). The panellists
were asked to evaluate each cookie attribute applying a hedonic
scale of 5 points (1 — dislike very much, 5 — like very much). In
order to evaluate cookie quality, the following attributes were examined:
shape, upper surface appearance, bottom surface appearance,
rupture, cross-section structure, chewiness and flavour. Shape was
expressed in terms of uniformity. Upper and bottom surface appearance
was assessed in terms of surface colour, shine, roughness and
existence of cracks. Rupture was defined as force required to rupture
the sample into two pieces with hands. Cross-section structure represented
visually assessed dryness, compactness and crumbliness of the
cross section. Chewiness involved cohesiveness and oral hardness
which appeared at first chew, dryness (degree to which the sample
lacks moisture) and adhesiveness (degree to which the chewed material
adheres to the mouth surface). Flavour was evaluated as taste/
odour integration since according to Mann (2003), taste and smell
are so intertwined in human experience that most people are unaware
to distinguish between taste and olfactory experience. The sensory
analysis was carried out 24 h after baking procedure.
In order to evaluate differences between cookie formulations,
sensory assessment was performed. It was conducted by a group of
10, both male and female, semi-trained panellists who were familiar
with sensory analysis techniques (Resurrecion, 2008). The panellists
were asked to evaluate each cookie attribute applying a hedonic
scale of 5 points (1 — dislike very much, 5 — like very much). In
order to evaluate cookie quality, the following attributes were examined:
shape, upper surface appearance, bottom surface appearance,
rupture, cross-section structure, chewiness and flavour. Shape was
expressed in terms of uniformity. Upper and bottom surface appearance
was assessed in terms of surface colour, shine, roughness and
existence of cracks. Rupture was defined as force required to rupture
the sample into two pieces with hands. Cross-section structure represented
visually assessed dryness, compactness and crumbliness of the
cross section. Chewiness involved cohesiveness and oral hardness
which appeared at first chew, dryness (degree to which the sample
lacks moisture) and adhesiveness (degree to which the chewed material
adheres to the mouth surface). Flavour was evaluated as taste/
odour integration since according to Mann (2003), taste and smell
are so intertwined in human experience that most people are unaware
to distinguish between taste and olfactory experience. The sensory
analysis was carried out 24 h after baking procedure.
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