Defined as “a life-threatening condition
that arises when the body’s response to
infection injures its own tissues and
organs” (Czura, 2011), sepsis can present in
any patient and in any clinical setting. As
such, all nurses need to be aware of its
development, how it can be identified and
the care patients need to survive. This
article discusses the pathophysiological
changes caused by sepsis, how these
5 key
points
1
Sepsis is one
of the leading
causes of death in
hospital patients
worldwide
2Patients with
severe sepsis
will not respond to
fluid replacement
3Sepsis can be
identified
during routine
observations so
nurses play a vital
role in spotting
symptoms
4All patients
with sepsis
should have a
management
plan that includes
level of
observation, review
schedule and an
escalation plan
5Clear
guidance on
identification and
evidence-based
interventions is
available to
support effective
and safe care
present in patients and how best to
manage sepsis to prevent death or longterm
disability.
Chege and Cronin (2007) described early
evidence of treatment for sepsis as existing
as far back as the early Chinese emperors.
However, it was not until 1991 that definitions
of sepsis were agreed and later published
(Box 1) (Bone et al, 1992). These
underpin more recent research and guidance
from leading campaign groups such
as the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC)
and Global Sepsis Alliance. SSC – a partnership
of international critical care, medical
and emergency care societies – aims to
raise awareness and provide guidance
based on the best available evidence. In the
UK, SSC guidance is being changed to
improve both the identification of patients
at risk of developing severe sepsis and the
delivery of early treatment.
Defined as “a life-threatening condition
that arises when the body’s response to
infection injures its own tissues and
organs” (Czura, 2011), sepsis can present in
any patient and in any clinical setting. As
such, all nurses need to be aware of its
development, how it can be identified and
the care patients need to survive. This
article discusses the pathophysiological
changes caused by sepsis, how these
5 key
points
1
Sepsis is one
of the leading
causes of death in
hospital patients
worldwide
2Patients with
severe sepsis
will not respond to
fluid replacement
3Sepsis can be
identified
during routine
observations so
nurses play a vital
role in spotting
symptoms
4All patients
with sepsis
should have a
management
plan that includes
level of
observation, review
schedule and an
escalation plan
5Clear
guidance on
identification and
evidence-based
interventions is
available to
support effective
and safe care
present in patients and how best to
manage sepsis to prevent death or longterm
disability.
Chege and Cronin (2007) described early
evidence of treatment for sepsis as existing
as far back as the early Chinese emperors.
However, it was not until 1991 that definitions
of sepsis were agreed and later published
(Box 1) (Bone et al, 1992). These
underpin more recent research and guidance
from leading campaign groups such
as the Surviving Sepsis Campaign (SSC)
and Global Sepsis Alliance. SSC – a partnership
of international critical care, medical
and emergency care societies – aims to
raise awareness and provide guidance
based on the best available evidence. In the
UK, SSC guidance is being changed to
improve both the identification of patients
at risk of developing severe sepsis and the
delivery of early treatment.
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