The rst geospatial initiative, underway by autumn 1999, established a baseline GIS that set the stage for predictive modeling. Time and coordinate data related to border activity,
captured by sophisticated surveillance devices out tted with seismic and infrared sensors, was warehoused in Esri®’s ArcView® GIS. Building on this, the patrol began working more closely with Intergraph® to integrate infrared aerial photos of approximately 100 miles of territory within San Diego County into the expanding GIS program.