The requirements for top and bottom protection are:
• The top protection shall cover the total surface of the products. The top protection sheet shall follow the same tolerances as the load bearer sheet, see Figure 12.
• The bottom protection shall cover the total surface of the products. If paper pallet is used no extra bottom protection is required. Bottom protection shall follow the same tolerances as the load bearer sheet, see Figure 12.
• To secure load safety, the top and bottom protection shall have a minimum friction of μ=0.5 (which corresponds to 27 degree tilting), wherever measured on the surface. See IOS-TM-0044: Unit Load Stability Test – 27°. This is the same requirement as in Section 10.5.
• The top protection shall be able to withstand the Stacking Capacity value indicated in Actual DWP, see Unit load stacking capacity requirements in Section 10.4. If Stacking Indication = “No”, then only dust/dirt protection is needed.
• The lowest flute height of double wall or glued together corrugated cardboard sheets shall be facing upwards, see Figure 13.