A supply chain can protect itself from the consequences of unintended circumstances by the way it manages its portfolio of improvement initiatives. This list of root causes says that saving money has less to do with accounting or work ethic in the work force or budgeting and more about the issues we’ve listed. Most, if not all, are in the purview of management. Doing a better job at supply chain tasks will address these causes. We will explain how in this section, starting with our first root cause, that of the need for clarity.